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Main articles: Early life and career of Barack Obama and Ann Dunham
citizen because he was born a dual citizen (British and American). Still others claimed that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. Other theories alleged that Obama became a citizen of Indonesia in childhood, thereby losing his U.S. Theories alleged that Obama's published birth certificate was a forgery – that his actual birthplace was not Hawaii but Kenya. Birther conspiracy theories were predominantly held by conservatives and Republicans, as well as individuals with anti-black attitudes.
The movement falsely asserted Obama was ineligible to be President of the United States because he was not a natural-born citizen of the United States as required by Article Two of the Constitution. In response to the conspiracy theories, the White House released copies of the President's long-form birth certificate on April 27, 2011, then posted an image of it to the White House website, reaffirming that he was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii.ĭuring Barack Obama's campaign for president in 2008, throughout his presidency and afterwards, there was extensive news coverage of Obama's religious preference, birthplace, and of the individuals questioning his religious belief and citizenship – efforts eventually known as the " birther movement", by which name it is widely referred to across media.